In this blogpost we will briefly explain a well known Syscall hooking technique (a more detailed explanation can be gathered from e.g. http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/hooking-system-service-dispatch-table-ssdt/) used by multiple malware samples (like the laqma trojan) and right after discuss how some memory analysis tools have trouble in the analysis and/or reporting of these.
Continue reading “Investigating Memory Analysis Tools – SSDT Hooking via Pointer Replacement”
Category: Breaking
VMware did it again: vCenter Remote Code Execution
Yesterday 7Elements released the description of a Remote Code Execution vulnerability in VMware vCenter. The information came in at a good point as I’m at the moment drafting a follow-up blogpost for this one which will summarize some of our approaches to virtualization security. The vCenter vulnerability is both quite critical and particularly interesting in several ways:
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Continue readingNew iOS Version – New Lockscreen Bypass
At the 16th of September Apple released its new version of the mobile operating system iOS 9. As several versions before, this new iteration suffers from a weakness that makes it possible to bypass the lockscreen without entering the respective PIN code. Exploiting this flaw requires Siri to be enabled and phyiscal access to the phone. A successful exploitation results in a major loss of confidentiality as all photos and contacts in the phonebook can be accessed by the attacker. The following steps lead to the lockscreen bypass:
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Cisco and the Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP)
Howdy,
this is a short write up about the Maintenance Operation Protocol (MOP), an ancient remote management protocol from the DECnet protocol suite. It’s old, rarely used and in most cases not needed at all. But as we stumbled across this protocol in some network assessments, it seems like a lot of network admins and other users don’t know about it. Even various hardening guides we’ve seen don’t mention MOP at all.
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Continue readingKNX Support for Nmap
Hi folks,
our home automation research, especially with KNX, is still in progress. As part of this research we’ve implemented various tools to easy the process of identifying and enumerating KNX devices, in both IP driven networks and on the bus.
Lately we’ve written two Nmap NSE scripts to discover KNXnet/IP gateways. These allow everyone to discover such gateways in local and remote networks and print some useful information about them. One of them follows the specification to discover gateways by sending multicast packets, where all devices on the network must respond to. Due to the specification of KNXnet/IP this process is rather non-invasive because only a single UDP packet is needed to discover multiple gateways. The other script allows to identify gateways via unicast connections by a slightly different message type, which allows discovery over e.g. the Internet.
The scripts are now publicly available and will (hopefully) be included in Nmap soon.
Currently we are working on a tool which allows to enumerate KNX devices on the bus either from an IP driven network over a KNXnet/IP gateway or directly on the bus. Additionally information about the discovered devices included in the bus system will be extracted, e.g. what kind of device it is a sensor or an actuator.
It is planned to be released soon, so stay tuned 😉
Continue readingHackRF meets PortaPack H1
Today we received a few ShareBrained Technology – PortaPack H1 to use with our HackRFs. Having done a first few minutes of scanning, I just wanted to give you a quick overview of its features and potential…
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Continue readingRedStar OS Watermarking
During the last few months information about one of North Koreas operating systems was leaked. It is a Linux based OS that tries to simulate the look and feel of a Mac. Some of it’s features have already been discussed on various blog posts and news articles. We thought we would take a short look at the OS. This blog post contains some of the results.
As you can imagine, most interesting for us was to investigate features that impact the privacy of the users. There are some publications concerning the security of the OS, this is an aspect that we will not cover in this post. We will stick to a privacy issue that we identified in this post. As ERNW has a long history of “Making the World a Safer Place”, we consider this topic an important one. The privacy of potential users (especially from North Korea) may be impacted and therefore we think that the results must be made available for the public. So, here we go … Continue reading “RedStar OS Watermarking”
Continue readingEvasion of Cisco ACLs by (Ab)Using IPv6 – Part 2
When we wrote our initial blogpost regarding the evasion of Cisco ACLs by (Ab)Using IPv6, where we described (known to Cisco) cases of Access Control Lists (ACL) circumvention, we also suggested some mitigation techniques including the blocking of some (if not all) IPv6 Extension Headers.
Almost a month later, we got a comment from Matej Gregr that, even if the ACLs of certain Cisco Switches are configured to block IPv6 Extension headers like Hop-by-Hop or Destination Options headers, this does not actually happen/work as expected. Of course this made us re-visit the lab in the interim ;-).
Continue reading “Evasion of Cisco ACLs by (Ab)Using IPv6 – Part 2”
Continue readingThe patient’s last words: I am not a target!
Last week I gave a short interview for Süddeutsche Zeitung on the security of medical devices. You can find it here. Unfortunately it is in German so I decided to sum up some of my key points that made it into the article and some that didn’t in this blog post. Continue reading “The patient’s last words: I am not a target!”
Continue readingTACACS+ module for loki
There has been, again, some development within the loki domain. Today I’m going to write about the latest module added to the suite, a module for decoding and cracking Cisco’s TACACS+.
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